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Children on chronic hemodialysis before the first year of age in Brazil: A 3-year survival analysis

Arnaldo Roizenblatt1, Cristina Henriques2, Maria Fernanda Carvalho2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil.

Seminars in Dialysis
|August 18, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Survival rates for infants starting hemodialysis are comparable to international standards. Cardiovascular comorbidity significantly increases mortality risk in these young patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Renal Replacement Therapy

Background:

  • Limited data exists on survival rates for young children undergoing hemodialysis, hindering international comparisons.
  • Understanding mortality and its risk factors in this population is crucial for improving care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the mortality rate in children initiating hemodialysis within their first year of life.
  • To identify risk factors associated with mortality in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing data from a São Paulo dialysis center.
  • Analysis of 47 children who began chronic hemodialysis before one year of age.
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression were employed.

Main Results:

  • One, two, and three-year survival rates were 93%, 75%, and 64%, respectively.
  • Cardiovascular comorbidity was the only significant risk factor for mortality (HR=5.7, p=0.006).

Conclusions:

  • Survival rates for infants starting hemodialysis are reasonable and align with international benchmarks.
  • Cardiovascular comorbidity is a critical factor influencing mortality in this vulnerable pediatric population.
Abstract

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