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Elevated Plasma Fibrinogen Is Associated With Excessive Inflammation and Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients

Jingrui Sui1,2, Denis F Noubouossie1, Sheetal Gandotra3

  • 1Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|August 20, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Fibrinogen levels are often elevated in patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), particularly those with severe illness. Elevated fibrinogen indicates increased inflammation and correlates with disease severity and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) presents with significant inflammation, cardiac issues, and coagulopathy.
  • Fibrinogen, a key marker for inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and coagulation, requires further investigation in COVID-19.
  • This study aimed to explore the clinical utility of fibrinogen in managing COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the clinical application of fibrinogen in COVID-19 patients.
  • To investigate the correlation between fibrinogen levels and disease severity.
  • To determine if fibrinogen can serve as a predictive biomarker for COVID-19 severity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 119 COVID-19 patients' demographic and laboratory data.
  • Examined correlations between admission fibrinogen levels, ICU admission, and disease severity.
  • Analyzed associations with other laboratory parameters, including cardiac biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Elevated fibrinogen was observed in 67.2% of patients, with higher levels in severe cases (P = 0.001).
  • Fibrinogen levels significantly correlated with inflammatory markers and disease severity.
  • An optimal fibrinogen cutoff of 528.0 mg/dl predicted severe disease with 66.7% sensitivity and 70.3% specificity (AUC 0.72).

Conclusions:

  • Fibrinogen is frequently elevated in COVID-19 patients, especially those with severe disease.
  • Elevated fibrinogen is linked to heightened inflammation, increased disease severity, and higher rates of ICU admission.
  • Fibrinogen shows potential as a biomarker for predicting COVID-19 severity.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasecoagulationcoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)fibrinogeninflammation

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