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Partial EMT in Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Snapshot.

Chengcheng Liao1,2, Qian Wang2,3, Jiaxing An4

  • 1Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.

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|August 23, 2021
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Partial EMT (pEMT) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) involves cells with both epithelial and mesenchymal traits. Targeting pEMT may offer new therapies against aggressive SCC, enhancing treatment effectiveness.

Keywords:
Collective migrationFAT1HIPPONOTCHPartial EMTSquamous Cell CarcinomaStemnessTGF-βTherapeutic resistance

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Cellular Plasticity

Background:

  • Partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) describes cancer cells co-expressing epithelial and mesenchymal markers.
  • This plastic state is crucial in cancer progression, contributing to aggressiveness and therapy resistance.
  • Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) exhibits pEMT, characterized by aggressive tumorigenic properties and high stemness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of pEMT in SCC.
  • To explore the role of pEMT in SCC's aggressive phenotype, collective migration, and therapy resistance.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies targeting pEMT in SCC.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of signaling pathways (HIPPO, NOTCH, TGF-β) involved in pEMT regulation.
  • Investigation of the role of non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, lncRNAs) in maintaining the pEMT phenotype.
  • Assessment of the cancer microenvironment's influence on pEMT in SCC.
  • Review of existing and potential therapeutic interventions for pEMT.

Main Results:

  • pEMT in SCC is actively regulated by the HIPPO, NOTCH, and TGF-β pathways.
  • MicroRNAs, lncRNAs, and the cancer microenvironment are key factors in maintaining the SCC pEMT phenotype.
  • pEMT contributes to SCC's aggressive growth, enhanced stemness, collective cell migration, and resistance to therapies.

Conclusions:

  • pEMT is a critical, regulated process in squamous cell carcinoma.
  • The identified regulatory pathways and factors offer targets for therapeutic intervention.
  • Targeting pEMT presents a promising strategy to overcome SCC plasticity, drug resistance, and metastatic potential.