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Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Identifying Cell Surface Markers of Primary Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells by Metabolic Labeling of Sialoglycan

Identifying Cell Surface Markers of Primary Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells by Metabolic Labeling of Sialoglycan

Published on: September 7, 2019

Recent Progress and Perspectives on Cell Surface Modification.

Shi-Yi Zhang¹, Ze-Rui Zhou¹, Ruo-Can Qian¹

¹Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China.

Chemistry, an Asian Journal

|August 24, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cell surface modification enhances cellular functions by altering cell membrane receptors. This review details recent advances in modification methods for cell engineering and therapy.

Keywords:

Cell surface modification DNAzyme Glycan modification cell membrane strain

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Last Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Identifying Cell Surface Markers of Primary Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells by Metabolic Labeling of Sialoglycan

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Published on: September 7, 2019

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

The cell membrane, composed of a phospholipid bilayer, saccharides, and proteins, regulates intracellular environment and substance exchange.
Cell membranes act as complex biological surfaces with ligands and receptors that mediate cellular responses to external stimuli.
Cell surface modification offers a powerful approach to control cellular functions and behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent developments and advances in cell surface modification techniques.
To summarize key modification methods, their functions, and applications.
To discuss the future prospects of living cell membrane modification.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent advancements in cell surface modification.
Categorization and description of various modification strategies.
Analysis of functional outcomes and applications in different fields.

Main Results:

Detailed overview of current cell surface modification techniques.
Examples of how modifications impact cell fate, engineering, and therapy.
Identification of emerging trends and challenges in the field.

Conclusions:

Cell surface modification is crucial for advancing cell engineering and therapeutic applications.
Continued research into novel modification methods will expand their utility.
The future holds significant potential for precise control over living cell membranes.