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JAK inhibitors in the treatment of atopic dermatitis

Raj Chovatiya1, Amy S Paller1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|August 26, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, including topical and oral options, show promise for treating atopic dermatitis (AD). Clinical trials demonstrate efficacy with manageable side effects, but real-world data are needed for long-term insights.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with limited targeted therapies.
  • Current treatment options for AD often present challenges in terms of safety and efficacy.
  • The patient burden associated with AD is significant, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and safety of topical and systemic Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for atopic dermatitis (AD).
  • To summarize findings from clinical trials, case reports, and scientific presentations on JAK inhibitors in AD treatment.
  • To highlight the potential of JAK inhibitors as a new class of targeted therapies for AD.

Main Methods:

  • Focused literature review of published studies, clinical trial results, case reports, and scientific meeting abstracts.
  • Inclusion of data from industry press releases regarding JAK inhibitor development and trials.
  • Analysis of both topical (ruxolitinib, delgocitinib) and systemic (baricitinib, abrocitinib, upadacitinib) JAK inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Topical JAK inhibitors like ruxolitinib and delgocitinib demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials for mild-to-moderate AD with minimal adverse events.
  • Oral JAK inhibitors (baricitinib, abrocitinib, upadacitinib) met primary and secondary endpoints in trials for moderate-to-severe AD.
  • Commonly reported side effects for oral JAK inhibitors were mild to moderate, including acne, nausea, and headache.

Conclusions:

  • Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors represent a promising next generation of targeted therapies for atopic dermatitis.
  • Clinical trial data indicate a favorable safety and efficacy profile for both topical and systemic JAK inhibitors in AD.
  • Further real-world data are essential to fully understand the long-term safety, durability, and treatment success of JAK inhibitors in AD management.
Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisJAK inhibitoreczemaitchtherapy

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