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Advancement in Nanostructure-Based Tissue-Engineered Biomaterials for Retinal Degenerative Diseases
Sonali Suresh Rohiwal1, Zdenka Ellederová1, Taras Ardan1
1Laboratory of Cell Regeneration and Plasticity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i. Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
Biomedicines
|August 27, 2021
Summary
Nanostructured implants combined with cells show promise for retinal tissue engineering, potentially improving cell survival and differentiation for conditions like retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Retinal degenerative diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration, cause irreversible vision loss due to photoreceptor cell death.
- Current treatments for these conditions can only slow progression, lacking restorative capabilities.
- Tissue engineering offers a promising avenue for repairing retinal damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review nanostructured implants for retinal tissue engineering.
- To discuss transplantation strategies and cell combinations for subretinal delivery.
- To summarize research on nanostructure scaffolds for retinal degenerative diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of nanostructured natural, synthetic, and biological membrane implants.
- Analysis of transplantation strategies for subretinal space delivery.
- Examination of cell types used in conjunction with implants (e.g., induced pluripotent stem cells, retinal pigment epithelial sheets).
Main Results:
- Nanostructured scaffolds enhance cell survival and guide differentiation in retinal models.
- Various implant materials and cell combinations are being explored for subretinal delivery.
- Cell-based nanostructure scaffolds demonstrate potential in preclinical retinal degenerative models.
Conclusions:
- Nanostructured implants represent a promising strategy for retinal tissue engineering.
- Further pre-clinical and clinical trials are necessary to validate these implants as viable treatments.
- This approach could lead to new therapies for vision impairment caused by retinal degeneration.
