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Highly sensitive crumpled 2D material-based plasmonic biosensors.

Vahid Faramarzi1, Vahid Ahmadi1, Michael T Hwang2

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-194, Tehran, Iran.

Biomedical Optics Express
|August 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed novel crumpled 2D material biosensors using graphene and MoS2 on flexible substrates for ultrasensitive biomarker detection. These sensors show high refractive index sensitivity and tunable properties for advanced diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biosensing

Background:

  • Traditional refractive index sensors face limitations in sensitivity and tunability.
  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials like graphene and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) offer unique optical properties for sensing.
  • Crumpled 2D material structures can enhance light-matter interactions for improved sensing performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors utilizing crumpled graphene and MoS2 flakes.
  • To investigate the sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM) of these novel biosensor platforms.
  • To explore the mechanical tunability and potential for hybrid heterostructures in enhancing biosensing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SPR biosensors using crumpled graphene and MoS2 flakes on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or silicon substrates.
  • Theoretical analysis using the semiclassical Drude model and finite element method to understand plasmon-analyte interactions.
  • Characterization of resonance wavelength shifts in response to refractive index changes caused by biomarker accumulation.

Main Results:

  • Crumpled 2D material structures exhibited significant refractive index shifts, achieving up to 7499 nm/RIU on silicon substrates.
  • A high figure of merit (FOM) of approximately 62.5 RIU⁻¹ was demonstrated.
  • Tunable sensing properties were achieved by altering crumple parameters and integrating interlayers; hybrid heterostructures on PDMS showed enhanced performance.

Conclusions:

  • Crumpled 2D material-based SPR biosensors offer a promising platform for ultrasensitive refractive index sensing.
  • The mechanical tunability and potential for heterostructure integration provide significant advantages over traditional sensors.
  • These biosensors represent a new avenue for developing advanced diagnostic tools.