Using Instrument-Guided Team Reflection and Debriefing to Cultivate Teamwork Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes in...

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Teamwork Science
• Learning Science

Background:

• Effective teamwork is crucial in healthcare settings.
• Medical students require training in teamwork knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs).
• Existing curricula may not adequately address practical teamwork development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and implement an instrument-guided team reflection and debriefing activity.
• To foster teamwork KSAs in medical students using a Team-Based Learning (TBL) framework.
• To cultivate a practical and metacognitive appreciation of foundational teamwork KSAs.

Main Methods:

• Developed an activity integrating teamwork and learning science principles.
• Embedded the activity within biweekly pre-clerkship TBL sessions.
• Utilized an instrument for guided team reflection and debriefing.

Main Results:

• 144 out of 156 learners reported increased appreciation for teamwork KSAs.
• Learners indicated improvements in team functioning related to the targeted KSAs.
• The activity was successfully integrated into the medical student curriculum.

Conclusions:

• The instrument-guided reflection and debriefing activity effectively enhanced medical students' teamwork KSAs.
• Integrating teamwork development into TBL sessions is a viable strategy for medical education.
• The findings support the importance of metacognitive reflection for improving teamwork in healthcare and academic settings.