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COVID-19: potential therapeutics for pediatric patients
Nour K Younis1, Rana O Zareef1, Ghina Fakhri2
1Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
This review examines pediatric COVID-19 treatments, highlighting limited pediatric-specific evidence for antivirals like remdesivir and immunomodulators like dexamethasone. It provides a guide to available therapeutics for children with COVID-19.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- Public Health
Background:
- COVID-19 significantly impacts children globally, though often with milder symptoms.
- Current pediatric COVID-19 treatments largely rely on adult study data.
- Robust pediatric-specific randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for COVID-19 therapeutics are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and analyze potential therapeutics for pediatric COVID-19.
- To present evidence, mechanisms of action, and pharmacokinetic properties of treatments.
- To offer a practical guide for managing COVID-19 in children.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of pediatric COVID-19 therapeutics.
- Analysis of available evidence from adult studies and limited pediatric data.
- Examination of drug mechanisms and pharmacokinetics.
Main Results:
- Remdesivir is USFDA-approved for moderate to severe COVID-19 in symptomatic patients.
- Dexamethasone is recommended for pediatric patients with respiratory distress requiring oxygen or ventilation.
- Monoclonal antibodies (bamlanivimab, casirivimab, imdevimab) have USFDA authorization but limited RCT evidence.
Conclusions:
- Evidence for many pediatric COVID-19 treatments is derived from adult studies.
- Further pediatric-specific RCTs are crucial to establish efficacy and safety.
- This review serves as a guide for clinicians treating pediatric COVID-19 cases.
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