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Low-Pressure Hydrocephalus in Spontaneous Angiogram-Negative Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Following COVID-19 Infection
Luke Weisbrod1, Caroline Davidson1, Andrew Gard1
1Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.
Cureus
|August 31, 2021
Summary
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may alter cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrodynamics, leading to conditions like low-pressure hydrocephalus after COVID-19 infection. This case highlights potential neurological complications of the virus.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- Emerging evidence suggests severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may possess neuro-invasive properties.
- Neurological symptoms, including headache and nausea, have been reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
- COVID-19 has been linked to an increased risk of acute ischemic stroke and other central and peripheral nervous system manifestations.
Observation:
- This report details a patient with a recent COVID-19 infection who developed spontaneous angiogram-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- The patient subsequently experienced low-pressure hydrocephalus, necessitating high-output cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion.
Findings:
- The case suggests a potential link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and altered CSF hydrodynamics.
- The observed low-pressure hydrocephalus indicates a possible disruption in normal cerebrospinal fluid regulation post-infection.
Implications:
- Patients with current or recent SARS-CoV-2 infection may exhibit altered ventricular compliance or CSF hydrodynamics.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, potentially involving viral pathophysiology and the associated inflammatory response.
- This finding underscores the importance of considering neurological complications, including CSF dynamics, in the management of COVID-19 patients.
