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Avian thyroid isthmus.

T R Scott1, B Glick, G T Pharr

  • 1Poultry Science Department, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762.

Poultry Science
|November 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Thiouracil treatment in chickens induced an avian thyroid isthmus, a structure previously only seen in mammals. This connecting thyroid tissue was histologically identical to the main thyroid glands.

Area of Science:

  • Comparative anatomy
  • Endocrinology
  • Avian biology

Background:

  • Mammalian thyroid glands possess an isthmus, a connecting tissue bridge.
  • The presence of a similar structure in avian species is not well-documented.
  • Thiouracil is a known goitrogen, affecting thyroid function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of thiouracil on chicken thyroid gland morphology.
  • To determine if an avian equivalent of the mammalian thyroid isthmus can be induced.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using chickens.
  • Chickens were fed a diet containing 0.1% thiouracil from hatching to 6 or 8 weeks of age.
  • Thyroid glands were examined histologically.

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Main Results:

  • Thiouracil treatment resulted in the appearance of thyroid tissue connecting the thyroid glands in chickens.
  • Histological examination confirmed this connecting tissue was composed of the same cell types as the thyroid glands.
  • This induced structure represents an avian equivalent of the mammalian thyroid isthmus.

Conclusions:

  • Thiouracil can induce the formation of a thyroid isthmus in chickens.
  • This finding suggests a potential shared developmental or anatomical pathway for thyroid structures across vertebrates.
  • Further research can explore the functional implications of this avian thyroid isthmus.