Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

659
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
659
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

250
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
250
Mnemonic Devices01:23

Mnemonic Devices

212
Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...
212
Storage01:23

Storage

171
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
171
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

665
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
665
Role of Amygdala in Memory01:16

Role of Amygdala in Memory

509
The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
One of the...
509

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Aperiodic and periodic neural activity during sleep in autism spectrum disorders.

BMC medicine·2026
Same author

Neuronal correlates of spatial memory updating: c-Fos and GAD67 expression in the object-place recognition task.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Sleep spindles promote hippocampal network downregulation during sleep.

Current biology : CB·2026
Same author

The Emergence of New Schema Memory Requires Sleep.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same author

Electrical Synapses Contribute to Sleep-Dependent Declarative Memory Retention.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same author

Field Strength-Dependent White Matter R<sub>1</sub> and R<sub>2</sub> Anisotropy of Phase-Cycled Balanced Steady-State Free Precession Relaxometry.

Magnetic resonance in medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 21, 2025

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
19:57

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Published on: August 5, 2017

8.5K

Ripples for recall: The hippocampus constructing the context?

Svenja Brodt1, Jan Born2

  • 1Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.

Neuron
|September 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contrary to established theories, new research shows that hippocampal ripples are crucial for recalling both personal and factual memories. This suggests a process where old personal memories become more factual over time.

More Related Videos

Acute Mouse Brain Slicing to Investigate Spontaneous Hippocampal Network Activity
07:58

Acute Mouse Brain Slicing to Investigate Spontaneous Hippocampal Network Activity

Published on: August 28, 2020

9.7K
Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording
14:27

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording

Published on: August 11, 2019

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 21, 2025

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
19:57

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Published on: August 5, 2017

8.5K
Acute Mouse Brain Slicing to Investigate Spontaneous Hippocampal Network Activity
07:58

Acute Mouse Brain Slicing to Investigate Spontaneous Hippocampal Network Activity

Published on: August 28, 2020

9.7K
Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording
14:27

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording

Published on: August 11, 2019

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Classical systems consolidation theory posits that the hippocampus is essential for memory encoding but not long-term storage.
  • Over time, memories are thought to become independent of the hippocampus and are stored in the neocortex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of hippocampal ripples in the recall of different memory types.
  • To explore the relationship between memory age and the neural patterns associated with recall.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings in humans or animal models during memory recall tasks.
  • Analysis of hippocampal ripple patterns and their correlation with successful retrieval of autobiographical and semantic memories.

Main Results:

  • Hippocampal ripples were found to be critical for the recall of both autobiographical (personal experiences) and semantic (factual) memories.
  • The similarity in ripple patterns during recall suggests a neural mechanism for memory 'semantization' as memories age.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge traditional systems consolidation theories by highlighting the continued involvement of the hippocampus in recalling even old memories.
  • Hippocampal ripples play a key role in memory recall and may facilitate the transformation of episodic memories into semantic knowledge over time.