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Related Concept Videos

Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

1.2K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
1.2K
Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.3K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
1.3K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.1K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.1K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.2K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.2K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

2.0K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
2.0K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.2K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.2K

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Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Ising pairing in atomically thin superconductors.

Ding Zhang1,2,3,4, Joseph Falson5,6

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China.

Nanotechnology
|September 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atomically thin superconductors exhibit Ising-type pairing, creating devices resistant to in-plane magnetic fields. This review covers Ising pairing mechanisms, spin-orbit coupling, and future research directions in 2D superconductivity.

Keywords:
Ising superconductivitylow-dimensional superconductivitytopological superconductivitytwo-dimensional materialsupper critical field

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Atomically thin materials offer unique electronic properties.
  • Superconductivity in two-dimensional (2D) systems is a frontier in condensed matter physics.
  • Ising-type pairing has emerged as a mechanism for robust superconductivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the state-of-the-art in 2D superconductors with enhanced in-plane critical fields.
  • To discuss Ising pairing mechanisms (Type-I and Type-II).
  • To highlight the role of spin-orbit coupling and other factors in these materials.

Main Methods:

  • Historical account of 2D superconductors with enhanced in-plane upper critical fields.
  • Analysis of Ising pairing mechanisms.
  • Discussion of theoretical proposals and experimental observations.

Main Results:

  • Ising-type pairing provides resilience to in-plane magnetic fields in 2D superconductors.
  • Spin-orbit coupling plays a crucial role in these superconducting properties.
  • Symmetry breaking and atomic thickness are significant factors.

Conclusions:

  • Further exploration of topological superconductivity in 2D Ising superconductors is warranted.
  • Identifying new materials exhibiting Ising pairing is a key future direction.
  • Understanding these systems could lead to novel superconducting devices.