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Updated: Oct 21, 2025
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Hansen's disease - a forgotten disease?
Paula Marques Ferreira1, Inês Rueff Rato1, Joana Rigor1
1Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho EPE, Internal Medicine, Portugal.
JRSM Open
|September 6, 2021
Summary
This case study highlights a 52-year-old man diagnosed with Lepromatous Leprosy. Early diagnosis and multidrug therapy, including rifampicin, clofazimine, and dapsone, led to significant improvement.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Hansen's disease, or leprosy, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
- Leprosy affects the skin, peripheral nerves, upper respiratory tract, eyes, and testes.
- Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent disability.
Observation:
- A 52-year-old man presented with rapidly progressing macular lesions on his lower limbs, trunk, and upper limbs.
- The patient experienced pruritus but had no analytical abnormalities.
- Previous treatments with topical and systemic glucocorticoids, antifungals, antibacterials, and antihistamines were unsuccessful.
Findings:
- A skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Lepromatous Leprosy.
- The patient initiated a standard triple therapy regimen.
- The regimen included rifampicin, clofazimine, and dapsone.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering leprosy in differential diagnoses, especially with atypical presentations.
- Prompt initiation of multidrug therapy (MDT) is essential for successful treatment and preventing complications.
- Further research into early diagnostic markers and treatment strategies for leprosy remains vital.
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