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Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth. Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...

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Updated: Oct 20, 2025

TiO2-coated Hollow Glass Microspheres with Superhydrophobic and High IR-reflective Properties Synthesized by a Soft-chemistry Method

TiO2-coated Hollow Glass Microspheres with Superhydrophobic and High IR-reflective Properties Synthesized by a Soft-chemistry Method

Published on: April 26, 2017

Siloxane-Starch-Based Hydrophobic Coating for Multiple Recyclable Cellulosic Materials.

Tomasz Ganicz¹, Krystyna Rozga-Wijas²

¹Center of Papermaking and Printing, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 10, 2021

Summary

A new hydrophobization agent effectively enhances paper barrier properties and surface hydrophobicity. This sustainable solution maintains paper quality through recycling and poses no industrial process issues.

Keywords:

hydrophobicity paper coating siloxane starch wastepaper recycling

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Published on: January 9, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Paper Science

Background:

Cellulosic materials like paper and paperboard are widely used but often lack water resistance.
Improving hydrophobicity is crucial for expanding applications and enhancing durability.
Recycling processes can degrade paper properties, necessitating agents compatible with circular economy principles.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate a novel hydrophobization agent for industrial application on mass-produced cellulosic materials.
To assess the agent's impact on material properties during repetitive recycling.
To determine the agent's effect on circulating water contamination in industrial settings.

Main Methods:

Application of a triethoxymethylsilane and starch aqueous mixture on paper, paperboard, and sack paper.
Laboratory-scale repetitive recycling process simulation.
Water contact angle, Cobb tests, and water penetration dynamics (PDA) measurements for barrier properties.
Tensile strength, tear index, roughness, air permeance, and ISO brightness testing.
Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy for surface analysis.

Main Results:

The agent imparted high surface hydrophobicity (contact angles >100°) and significantly improved barrier properties.
Mechanical and optical paper performance (tensile strength, tear index, brightness) were well-maintained.
The agent did not disrupt pulping or re-forming during recycling and led to acceptable water contamination levels.
FT-IR analysis confirmed the formation of a polysiloxane network on the paper surface.

Conclusions:

The triethoxymethylsilane-based hydrophobization agent is suitable for industrial application on cellulosic materials.
The agent enhances water resistance and barrier properties without compromising essential paper characteristics during recycling.
This formulation offers a viable solution for improving the performance and sustainability of paper products.