Using an mHealth App (iGAM) to Reduce Gingivitis Remotely (Part 2): Prospective Observational Study

Area of Science:

• Oral health
• Periodontology
• Mobile health applications

Background:

• Gingivitis is a common inflammatory gum condition manageable at home but can lead to tooth loss if untreated.
• Routine dental checkups are crucial for early diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases.
• The COVID-19 pandemic led to postponed dental visits, highlighting the need for remote oral health monitoring solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of the iGAM mobile health app in reducing gingivitis.
• To determine the optimal frequency for photograph submissions to maximize app effectiveness.

Main Methods:

• A prospective observational cohort study involved 160 participants using the iGAM app.
• The intervention group submitted weekly gum photographs for 8 weeks; the control group submitted photos at the start and end.
• A single-blinded researcher assessed all images using the Modified Gingival Index (MGI).

Main Results:

• A statistically significant reduction in gingivitis (MGI scores) was observed in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<.001).
• Weekly photo submissions led to significantly lower average gingivitis scores after 8 weeks.
• More frequent dental visits correlated with lower MGI scores, though no link was found between oral health knowledge and behavior.

Conclusions:

• Weekly 'dental selfies' via the iGAM app effectively reduced gingivitis and improved oral health.
• Less frequent photo submissions correlated with diminished results.
• The iGAM app offers a viable solution for remote gum health management, particularly during periods of restricted access to dental clinics.