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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Swabbing the Urban Environment - A Pipeline for Sampling and Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Environmental Reservoirs
Published on: April 9, 2021
Ocular surface: A route for SARS CoV-2 transmission- a case report
Muhammad Hassan1,2, Fatima Mustafa1,3, Fibhaa Syed1,4
1Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University (SZABMU), Islamabad, Pakistan.
Abstract:
SARS-CoV-2 infections are transmitted through droplets or through direct contact with secretions from an infected person. The transmission of the virus through tears and other body secretions remains controversial. PCR detection of Covid-19 in the samples/swabs taken from nasopharynx, CSF fluid, and tears, clarifies that the virus may be transmitted through the modes other than aerosol droplets or direct contact. In order to control and prevent this infectious disease, cutting-off the route of transmission will be one of the most important steps. SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected in tears and conjunctival samples of patients. The ocular tropism of Covid-19 is still uncertain but contentious.
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