[MHT: How and how long in healthy women above 65?]

MHT: How and how long in healthy women above 65? Abstract. In Europe, women spend more than one third of their lifetime in the postmenopause which is characterized by chronic estrogen deficiency. About 80 % of them suffer from vasomotor symptoms which can last for up to twelve years or more. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) with sexual steroids is the most effective treatment resulting in a reduction of hot flushes and an improvement of quality of life. Today, a large proportion of women is not treated adequately as demonstrated by a marked decline of MHT-prescriptions. The postmenopause is not only associated with climacteric symptoms, but also with long-term risks, such as cardiovascular events, osteoporosis, cognitive dysfunction or diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have shown beneficial effects of MHT on many of these diseases and on mortality, provided that treatment has been initiated close to the onset of menopause. Accordingly, some investigators have postulated a possible role of MHT in primary prevention. However, concerning long-term beneficial effects of MHT in women beyond the age of 65 years, the optimal duration of MHT is still unknown. Consequently, the duration of MHT should always be planned individually after thorough consideration of potential benefits and risks in agreement with the patient. Especially with advancing age transdermal application of estrogens seems to be the best option because of less vascular risks. There is no apodictic limitation of maximal duration of MHT.