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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials

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Published on: January 21, 2016

Andreev Reflections in NbN/Graphene Junctions under Large Magnetic Fields.

Da Wang^1,2, Evan J Telford¹, Avishai Benyamini^1,2

¹Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States.

|September 27, 2021

Summary

We explored hybrid superconductor/graphene junctions to study quantum phenomena. Our research demonstrates tunable Andreev reflections and magnetic field effects on superconductivity in graphene, advancing condensed matter physics.

Keywords:

Andreev reflection Zeeman splitting graphene niobium nitride quantum Hall effect superconductivity two-dimensional van der Waals

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Published on: July 24, 2015

Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Quantum Phenomena

Background:

Hybrid superconductor/graphene (SC/g) junctions are key for studying Cooper pairs and quantum Hall (QH) edge modes.
Experimental challenges include sensitivity to disorder and the need for high magnetic fields to form QH states.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate correlations between Cooper pairs and QH edge modes in SC/g junctions.
Fabricate and characterize low-resistance SC/g interfaces stable in high magnetic fields.
Explore the role of graphene's band structure and magnetic fields on Andreev reflections.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of low-resistance SC/g interfaces (NbN/graphene) with barrier strength Z ≈ 0.4.
Application of magnetic fields (parallel and perpendicular) to tune SC/g junction properties.
Measurement of 2-probe conductance and analysis of Andreev reflection spectra.

Main Results:

SC/g junctions remained superconducting above 18 T.
Graphene's Dirac band structure influences zero-field Andreev reflections.
Parallel magnetic fields dynamically tuned the Andreev reflection spectrum.
Perpendicular magnetic fields caused oscillatory suppression of conductance in the ν = 4 Landau level due to reduced Andreev process efficiency.

Conclusions:

Demonstrated the tunability of Andreev reflections in SC/g junctions using magnetic fields.
Confirmed the impact of graphene's electronic structure on quantum transport phenomena.
Provided experimental evidence consistent with theoretical predictions for SC/g hybrid systems.