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Mutational Landscape and Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with Host Cellular Components
Mansi Srivastava1, Dwight Hall1, Okiemute Beatrice Omoru1
1Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Informatics and Communications Technology Complex, 535 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly evolves, impacting therapeutics and vaccines. Understanding viral mutations and host interactions is crucial for developing new treatments against this evolving virus.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global health crisis, with rapid viral evolution hindering therapeutic and vaccine development.
- Understanding the evolutionary characteristics of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and their impact on host interactions is critical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on host cellular components targeted by SARS-CoV-2.
- To summarize genomic mutations driving the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 strains.
- To highlight databases and tools for studying viral-host interactions to aid therapeutic development.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on SARS-CoV-2 evolution, host-pathogen interactions, and therapeutic targets.
- Analysis of genomic mutation patterns in SARS-CoV-2 variants.
- Survey of existing databases and computational tools for viral-host interaction research.
Main Results:
- SARS-CoV-2 interacts with host factors like ACE2 receptor, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and various RNAs.
- Genomic mutations facilitate viral escape from therapeutics and vaccine-induced immunity.
- Numerous databases and tools are available for investigating viral-host interactions.
Conclusions:
- Studying SARS-CoV-2 mutational patterns and their effects on host machinery is essential for understanding viral evolution.
- Effective therapeutic strategies require a deep understanding of viral-host interactions.
- Leveraging available resources can accelerate the development of novel treatments against SARS-CoV-2.
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