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Predicting and classifying Japanese singleton and geminate consonants using logarithmic duration.

Shigeaki Amano¹, Mariko Kondo², Kimiko Yamakawa³

¹Faculty of Human Informatics, Aichi Shukutoku University, Nagakute City, Aichi, Japan.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|October 2, 2021

Summary

Logarithmic durations, not raw durations, accurately predict Japanese consonant types. This acoustic analysis offers a more robust method for classifying singleton and geminate consonants across speaking rates.

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Area of Science:

Phonetics
Acoustic Phonetics
Linguistics

Background:

Distinguishing Japanese singleton and geminate consonants is crucial for speech analysis.
Previous studies often relied on raw consonant durations, which can be affected by speaking rate.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify reliable acoustic variables for predicting and classifying Japanese singleton and geminate consonants.
To compare the effectiveness of raw versus logarithmic durations.

Main Methods:

Examined raw and logarithmic durations of consonants and surrounding segments.
Utilized 12 minimal pair words spoken in a carrier sentence at varied speaking rates by 20 native speakers.
Applied regression and discriminant analyses.

Main Results:

Logarithmic durations significantly outperformed raw durations in predicting and classifying consonant types.
The most effective acoustic variables were logarithmic closure/frication duration and logarithmic preceding mora duration.
Logarithmic durations proved to be relational invariants, accommodating variations in speaking rates.

Conclusions:

Logarithmic durations are superior acoustic variables for analyzing Japanese consonant distinctions.
This finding provides a more stable method for classifying consonant gemination irrespective of speaking rate variations.