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Photoechogenic Inflatable Nanohybrids for Upconversion-Mediated Sonotheranostics.

Keunsoo Jeong1, Dojin Kim1, Hyun Jun Kim1,2

  • 1Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.

ACS Nano
|October 4, 2021
PubMed
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New nanoparticles use near-infrared light to generate ultrasound imaging and drug delivery. This photochemistry-based approach creates inflatable microbubbles for enhanced sonotheranostics in deep tissues.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Hybrid nanostructures offer potential for ultrasound-triggered drug delivery (sonotheranostics).
  • Existing plasmonic nanoparticle systems for ultrasound imaging have limitations in therapeutic applications due to short microbubble lifetimes and poor contrast.
  • Developing near-infrared (NIR) responsive echogenic nanostructures for deep tissue applications is challenging for photochemistry-based sonotheranostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a photochemistry-based echogenic nanoparticle for in situ NIR-controlled ultrasound imaging and drug delivery.
  • To create a nanostructure capable of generating microbubbles for sonotheranostics using low-energy NIR photons.
  • To enable dual-modal imaging and targeted drug release in deep tissues.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
microbubblenanohybridnear-infraredultrasoundupconversion

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  • Designed a nanoparticle with an upconversion nanoparticle core and an organic shell containing gas generator molecules and drugs.
  • Utilized the upconversion core to convert NIR photons into ultraviolet emission for gas generator photolysis.
  • Generated carbon dioxide gas within the nanoparticle to inflate microbubbles for ultrasound imaging and drug delivery.
  • Employed low-frequency ultrasound to trigger microbubble collapse and drug release via cavitation-induced transport.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a photochemistry-based echogenic nanoparticle responsive to NIR light.
  • Achieved dual-modal imaging capabilities using upconversion luminescence and ultrasonography by varying NIR laser power.
  • Successfully triggered drug release deep within tumors using low-frequency ultrasound and cavitation.
  • Showcased the potential for image-guided multimodal theranostics.

Conclusions:

  • The developed photoechogenic inflatable hierarchical nanostructure is a promising platform for advanced sonotheranostics.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of previous methods, enabling deep tissue imaging and targeted drug delivery.
  • The technology holds broad potential for image-guided multimodal theranostic applications.