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Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
Published on: April 11, 2025
Cardiac resynchronization therapy guided by the new KODEX-EPD imaging system
Antonio Scarà1, Luigi Sciarra1, Edoardo Bressi1
1Policlinico Casilino Hospital Rome Italy.
This case report introduces the KODEX-EPD electro-anatomical mapping system for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation. It demonstrates a feasible and safe alternative to fluoroscopy, reducing radiation and dye exposure for patients and physicians.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
- Electrophysiology
Background:
- Fluoroscopy is standard for pacing lead implantation but causes significant radiation exposure.
- Minimizing radiation exposure during cardiac procedures is a critical clinical need.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the first use of the KODEX-EPD electro-anatomical mapping (EAM) system for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation.
- To evaluate the feasibility and safety of using EAM navigation for CRT procedures.
Main Methods:
- A case report detailing the implantation procedure using the KODEX-EPD system.
- Utilized electro-anatomical mapping for guidance instead of traditional fluoroscopy.
Main Results:
- Successful cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation was achieved using the KODEX-EPD system.
- The procedure demonstrated feasibility and safety.
Conclusions:
- The KODEX-EPD system offers a viable alternative for CRT implantation.
- This navigation system minimizes X-ray and dye exposure, enhancing patient and physician safety.
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