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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model
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Chronic disease and elder mistreatment: A meta-analysis.

Ryan T Wong1, Bryan M Cafferky1, Jedd P Alejandro1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
|October 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Elder mistreatment is linked to increased risks of chronic diseases, particularly neurological conditions. This meta-analysis provides key data on these associations.

Keywords:
chronic diseaseelder abuseelder mistreatmentmeta-analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Elder mistreatment encompasses various forms including physical, emotional, sexual, financial abuse, and neglect.
  • Chronic diseases represent a significant public health concern among older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis investigating the associations between chronic diseases and different forms of elder mistreatment.
  • To establish meta-analytic benchmarks for understanding these relationships.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic meta-analysis of 48 studies involving 390,785 participants.
  • Data were organized into four chronic disease categories: endocrine, heart, neurological, and other chronic diseases.
  • Random effects modeling was employed for data analysis.

Main Results:

  • All four chronic disease categories showed significant associations with elder mistreatment.
  • Neurological disease exhibited the strongest association (OR = 1.51) with elder mistreatment compared to heart disease (OR = 1.17) and other chronic diseases (OR = 1.26).
  • Emotional abuse was significantly linked to neurological disease (OR = 1.48) more than other chronic diseases (OR = 1.21).

Conclusions:

  • This study offers the first meta-analytic benchmarks on the links between chronic disease risk markers and elder mistreatment.
  • Findings highlight the critical need for interventions addressing elder mistreatment to mitigate chronic disease risks.