Current Design Strategies for Rechargeable Magnesium-Based Batteries.

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Rechargeable magnesium (Mg)-based batteries are a promising next-generation energy storage technology due to their high volumetric energy density, inherent safety, and earth's abundance.
• Existing reviews often focus on cathode and anode materials, but a comprehensive analysis of material design strategies for performance enhancement is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review and analyze material design strategies for improving the performance of rechargeable Mg-based batteries.
• To highlight specific design concepts for cathode materials and strategies for anode development and Mg-S/Mg-Se batteries.

Main Methods:

• Examination of nine material design strategies for Mg-ion cathode materials, including "soft" anion design, ion intercalation, interlayer expansion, heteroatom doping, size tailoring, metastable phase design, and organic materials.
• Analysis of anode strategies such as artificial interlayer design, electrolyte screening, and alternative anode exploration.
• Summarization of strategy advances for Mg-S and Mg-Se batteries.

Main Results:

• Detailed discussion of internal and external material design aspects for cathode performance improvement.
• Critical evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various strategies from a practical application standpoint.
• Identification of key research directions for enhancing Mg-based battery reliability and feasibility.

Conclusions:

• The review provides a clear research roadmap for optimizing rechargeable Mg-based batteries.
• Offers insights into future research for Mg-based batteries and other multivalent-ion battery chemistries.
• Emphasizes the importance of rational material design for advancing Mg battery technology.