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Online Disclosure of Sexual Victimization: A Systematic Review
Marleen Gorissen1, Chantal J W van den Berg1,2, Catrien C J H Bijleveld1,2
1Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Trauma, Violence & Abuse
|October 12, 2021
Summary
Victims of sexual violence disclose experiences online for support and activism. Online disclosure is generally met with positive responses, offering a safe alternative for help.
Area of Science:
- Victimology
- Digital Sociology
- Cyberpsychology
Background:
- Limited understanding exists regarding how and why sexual violence survivors utilize digital platforms post-victimization.
- Existing scientific literature presents a fragmented view of online disclosure of sexual victimization.
Approach:
- A systematic literature search of Web of Science and PsycINFO was conducted, supplemented by reference list checks and author consultations.
- Twenty-four empirical studies focusing on sexual victimization and online disclosure were identified and analyzed.
Key Points:
- Survivors disclose sexual victimization online for individual-oriented reasons (support, validation, documentation, justice, information, commercial goals) and other-oriented reasons (support, education, activism).
- Reactions to online disclosures are predominantly positive, with negative responses being infrequent.
- Research has under-examined victim characteristics and disclosure message specifics.
Conclusions:
- Online disclosure offers a potentially safe avenue for survivors, serving as an alternative to offline disclosure.
- Significant knowledge gaps remain in victimological research concerning online disclosure.
- Future research necessitates robust designs, larger sample sizes, and comparative analyses across platforms and disclosure behaviors.
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