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Deep learning decodes complex optical fingerprints from upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), enabling accurate, high-throughput classification of nanoscale barcodes for high-capacity information storage.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Optical Physics
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) offer tunable optical properties through lanthanide ion doping, enabling nanoscale barcode creation for high-capacity information.
  • Decoding complex optical fingerprints from numerous UCNPs presents challenges in accuracy, throughput, and speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a deep-learning approach for accurate and high-throughput decoding of optical fingerprints from diverse UCNPs.
  • To demonstrate the capability of deep learning in classifying UCNPs based on their unique optical signatures.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of UCNPs with controlled optical properties via heterogeneous design and lanthanide ion deposition.
  • Simultaneous collection of lifetime profiles from hundreds of single UCNPs using wide-field microscopy.
  • Development and application of deep-learning algorithms to analyze nanoparticle optical fingerprints.

Main Results:

  • High-accuracy classification (over 90%) of 14 distinct UCNP types was achieved using the deep-learning model.
  • The deep-learning approach effectively recognized the complexity of optical fingerprints from different UCNPs.
  • Lifetime profiles from hundreds of single nanoparticles provided sufficient data for robust algorithm development.

Conclusions:

  • Deep learning provides a powerful tool for decoding complex optical information from UCNPs.
  • This approach facilitates accurate and high-throughput classification of nanoscale optical barcodes.
  • The study opens new avenues for creating vast luminescent information carriers using UCNP-based barcodes.