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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Experimental Approaches to Tissue Engineering
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Experimental Approaches to Tissue Engineering

Published on: August 30, 2007

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Tissue Engineering with Mechanically Induced Solid-Fluid Transitions.

Erik Mailand1, Ece Özelçi1, Jaemin Kim2

  • 1Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
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Epithelial tissues exhibit active mechanical properties, transforming from solid to fluid states. This research demonstrates a novel method for engineering designer tissues with controllable shapes and sustainable architectures.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Developmental Biology
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Epithelia are vital cell sheets that stabilize organ shape and structure.
  • Epithelial morphogenesis and homeostasis rely on active mechanical remodeling of cell junctions and stresses.
  • Understanding epithelial mechanics is key to tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the active mechanical properties of epithelia.
  • To develop a method for engineering shape-programmable epithelial tissues.
  • To explore additive and subtractive manufacturing techniques for tissue design.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing microfabrication, finite element modeling, light-sheet microscopy, and robotic micromanipulation.
  • Employing collagen gels as a base material covered with an epithelial layer.
Keywords:
computational mechanicsmechanobiologymicroengineeringroboticstissue engineering

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  • Inducing solid-to-fluid transitions via mechanical perturbations.

    • Main Results:

    • Epithelialized collagen gels function as shape-programmable soft matter.
    • Mechanical perturbations induce solid-to-fluid transitions and generate surface stresses.
    • Demonstrated successful engineering of diverse tissue forms through molding, carving, and assembly.

    Conclusions:

    • Epithelia possess active mechanical properties enabling shape transformation.
    • A versatile strategy for engineering designer tissues with sustainable architectures has been established.
    • This work provides insights into epithelial mechanics and tissue engineering possibilities.