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Sciatic foramen anatomy and common pathologies: a pictorial review
Zhuoxuan J Cai1, Ahmed Ebada Salem2,3, Nicolaus A Wagner-Bartak1
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Abdominal Radiology (New York)
|October 19, 2021
Summary
This review covers the anatomy, imaging, and management of the sciatic foramen. It details common conditions like trauma, infection, and tumors affecting this pelvic-lower extremity conduit.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy and Imaging of the Sciatic Foramen
Background:
- The sciatic foramen is a complex anatomical region connecting the pelvis to the lower extremity.
- Understanding its anatomy is crucial for diagnosing various pathologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the anatomy of the sciatic foramen.
- To discuss common pathologies affecting this region.
- To outline imaging features and management strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of anatomical literature.
- Analysis of imaging features on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- Compilation of common sciatic foramen pathologies.
Main Results:
- Detailed description of sciatic foramen anatomy.
- Identification of key imaging findings for trauma, infection, nerve entrapment, tumor spread, hernia, and vascular anomalies.
- Overview of current management approaches.
Conclusions:
- The sciatic foramen is a critical anatomical structure with diverse pathologies.
- Accurate imaging interpretation is essential for effective diagnosis and management.
- This review provides a comprehensive guide for clinicians.
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