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Point-of-care diagnosis of COVID-19 disease based on antigen tests
Insights
Point-of-care antigen tests for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, are rapidly improving. These small, hand-held diagnostic tools offer growing potential for widespread, accessible COVID-19 detection.
Area of Science:
- Medical Diagnostics
- Virology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid development of diagnostic tools.
- Accurate and accessible laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for disease control.
- Antigen detection assays are a key area of focus for COVID-19 diagnostics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review laboratory diagnostic methods for COVID-19 focusing on SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection.
- To analyze the current landscape and development of various antigen testing technologies.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of antigen-based diagnostic approaches.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature survey of recent publications (2019-2021) was conducted.
- Relevant papers on COVID-19 antigen tests were critically discussed and cited.
- Specifications of antigen tests and comparative diagnostic methods were examined.
Main Results:
- Lateral flow tests and biosensors are identified as key tools for COVID-19 diagnosis.
- The application of these tests in point-of-care settings is a significant consideration.
- Development trends indicate improvements in diagnostic value and applicability.
Conclusions:
- Point-of-care, small hand-held assays for SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection are of increasing interest.
- These assays are undergoing significant development to enhance their performance.
- The study discusses the merits and practical applicability of these evolving diagnostic tools.
Aims:
This review is focused on the laboratory diagnoses of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by recognizing the antigen of the causative agent SARS-CoV-2 virus. Various antigen tests are available in this moment and these tests are being further developed in order to reach a better diagnostic value. The issue is reviewed in a complex view.
Methods:
In this work, a complex survey of the current literature was made. The relevant and recent papers related to antigen tests of COVID-19 are discussed and cited. Basic specifications of the antigen tests and competitive methods were also scrutinized in the current literature.
Results:
The survey of the current literature (years 2019 ‒ 2021) was made and diagnostic methods like lateral flow tests (lateral flow immunochromatographic assay) and various types of biosensors were specified as tools for COVID-19 diagnosis and their application to be used as a point-of-care test is considered.
Conclusions:
Small hand-held assays applicable in the point-of-care conditions for diagnosis of COVID-19 by analysis of SARS-CoV-2 antigen are the means of a growing interest and these means undergo a significant development leading to the improvements of their specifications and applicability to the current praxis. Merit of the assays is discussed in this paper (Tab. 3, Fig. 2, Ref. 109).
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