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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature
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[DIABETES - PRESENT AND FUTURE].

Itamar Raz1

  • 1Diabetes Medical Center (DMC).

Harefuah
|October 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetes affects nearly 500 million people globally, causing serious complications. Despite improved treatments, diabetes complications remain a significant health burden, necessitating continued research and prevention efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus represents a major global health epidemic, impacting nearly 500 million individuals worldwide.
  • It is a leading cause of severe health issues, including blindness, end-stage renal disease, amputations, and heart failure.
  • In Israel, approximately 10% of adults over 20 have diabetes, highlighting regional prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of diabetes prevention and treatment.
  • To underscore the persistent challenge of microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetes management.
  • To emphasize the ongoing need for advancements in mitigating diabetes-related morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing epidemiological data on diabetes prevalence.
  • It analyzes trends in diabetes treatment efficacy and mortality rates over the past two decades.
  • The review examines the burden of diabetes-related microvascular and macrovascular complications.

Main Results:

  • Significant advancements in diabetes prevention and treatment have led to decreased mortality rates.
  • Despite progress, a substantial proportion of patients with diabetes continue to suffer from microvascular and macrovascular complications.
  • The epidemic of diabetes and pre-diabetes continues to grow globally.

Conclusions:

  • While diabetes mortality has decreased due to improved care, complications remain a major challenge.
  • Continued focus on prevention and innovative treatment strategies is crucial to reduce the burden of diabetes complications.
  • Addressing the persistent microvascular and macrovascular complications is essential for improving the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.