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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

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Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target...
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Rh Blood Group01:19

Rh Blood Group

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The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
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The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

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The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
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Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
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Red Blood Cell Transfusion.

Yvette C Tanhehco1

  • 1Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, Harkness Pavilion 4-418A, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/YTanhehcoPhDMD.

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|October 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A restrictive red blood cell (RBC) transfusion trigger of 7 g/dL reduces transfusions without harming patients. New oxygen carriers and stem cell-derived RBCs face development challenges but may address future shortages.

Keywords:
HemoglobinInduced pluripotent stem cellsOxygenPatient blood managementRed blood cells

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are vital for enhancing oxygen transport.
  • Determining the optimal transfusion threshold is an ongoing clinical challenge.
  • Patient blood management programs effectively decrease RBC utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a restrictive transfusion strategy.
  • To review current and emerging alternatives to allogeneic RBC transfusions.
  • To identify challenges in the clinical implementation of novel RBC substitutes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on transfusion triggers and patient blood management.
  • Analysis of research on hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs).
  • Examination of advancements in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RBCs (iPSC-RBCs).

Main Results:

  • A restrictive transfusion trigger of 7 g/dL hemoglobin has been associated with reduced RBC use.
  • Restrictive triggers have not demonstrated adverse effects on patient outcomes in multiple studies.
  • Patient blood management strategies show significant success in lowering transfusion rates.

Conclusions:

  • Restrictive transfusion triggers are a viable strategy for reducing RBC use.
  • Emerging technologies like HBOCs and iPSC-RBCs show promise for mitigating RBC shortages.
  • Significant hurdles remain before widespread clinical adoption of novel RBC alternatives.