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Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Coherent Microwave Photonics Interferometry.

Liwei Hua1,2, Xuran Zhu1, Baokai Cheng1

  • 1Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.

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|October 26, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel microwave photonics technique enables distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) by encoding acoustic signals into microwave spectra. This method accurately detects and locates acoustic sources with high strain resolution.

Keywords:
distributed acoustic sensing (DAS)fiber optics sensorsinterferometrymicrowave photonicsoptical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR)

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Optical Sensing
  • Acoustic Measurement

Background:

  • Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is crucial for monitoring infrastructure and environments.
  • Existing DAS methods face challenges in resolution and signal processing.
  • Optical fiber sensors offer a promising platform for distributed sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a microwave photonics-based method for distributed acoustic sensing.
  • To demonstrate the system's capability in detecting and locating acoustic signals.
  • To evaluate the system's performance in terms of strain resolution and accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing microwave-modulated low-coherence light to interrogate in-fiber interferometers.
  • Encoding acoustic-induced strain into complex microwave spectra via frequency sweeping.
  • Processing microwave spectra in the joint time-frequency domain to recover acoustic signals.
  • Employing intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometers and arrays of weak reflectors for evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected acoustic signals up to 15.6 kHz using an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer.
  • Demonstrated the localization of multiple acoustic sources using piezoceramic cylinders.
  • Achieved a strain resolution of 20 nε with a spatial resolution of 5 cm.
  • Recovered acoustic signals showed excellent agreement in frequency, amplitude, and phase with excitation signals.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microwave photonics method shows significant potential for advanced distributed acoustic sensing.
  • The system offers high accuracy, localization capabilities, and excellent strain resolution.
  • This technique provides a robust solution for various acoustic monitoring applications.