A hierarchical processing unit for multi-component behavior in the avian brain
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Updated: Oct 15, 2025

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Published on: February 18, 2021
Noemi Rook1, John Michael Tuff1,2, Julian Packheiser1
1Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
Abstract:
Multi-component behavior is a form of goal-directed behavior that depends on the ability to execute various responses in a precise temporal order. Even though this function is vital for any species, little is known about how non-mammalian species accomplish such behavior and what the underlying neural mechanisms are. We show that humans and a non-mammalian species (pigeons) perform equally well in multi-component behavior and provide a validated experimental approach useful for cross-species comparisons. Applying molecular imaging methods, we identified brain regions most important for the examined behavioral dynamics in pigeons. Especially activity in the nidopallium intermedium medialis pars laterale (NIML) was specific to multi-component behavior since only activity in NIML was predictive for behavioral efficiency. The data suggest that NIML is important for hierarchical processing during goal-directed behavior and shares functional characteristics with the human inferior frontal gyrus in multi-component behavior.
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