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[Poliovirus and apoptosis]

B Blondel1, A Autret1, S Martin-Latil1

  • 1Laboratoire des virus entérotropes et stratégies antivirales.

Virologie (Montrouge, France)
|November 4, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Poliovirus causes paralytic poliomyelitis by destroying motor neurons. This review explores poliovirus-induced apoptosis and its role in central nervous system injury, highlighting the function of the CD155 receptor.

Area of Science:

  • Neurovirology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Poliovirus is the causative agent of paralytic poliomyelitis, a disease characterized by flaccid paralysis.
  • Motor neuron destruction in the central nervous system (CNS) is the hallmark of poliovirus infection.
  • Recent advancements in animal and cell models facilitate molecular-level investigations into poliomyelitis pathogenesis.

Purpose:

  • To review the molecular biology of poliovirus and the pathogenesis of poliomyelitis.
  • To examine models of poliovirus-induced apoptosis in the context of CNS injury.
  • To address the role of the poliovirus receptor, CD155, in modulating apoptosis.

Summary:

  • Poliovirus infection leads to motor neuron destruction and paralysis.
  • Poliovirus-induced apoptosis is a key mechanism contributing to CNS tissue damage and paralysis in infected mice.
  • The cellular receptor CD155 plays a role in regulating apoptosis during poliovirus infection.

Impact:

  • Provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying poliomyelitis.
  • Highlights the significance of apoptosis in viral-induced neurodegeneration.
  • Informs potential therapeutic strategies targeting viral entry and apoptosis pathways.
Keywords:
CD155apoptosispoliovirus

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