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Oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectra of liquids with minimization of window contamination
Linda I Vogt1, Julien J H Cotelesage1, Charles J Titus2
1Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.
Abstract:
Oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy is used routinely to study a range of solid materials. However, liquid samples are studied less frequently at the oxygen K-edge due to the combined challenges of high-vacuum conditions and oxygen contamination of window materials. A modular sample holder design with a twist-seal sample containment system that provides a simple method to encapsulate liquid samples under high-vacuum conditions is presented. This work shows that pure silicon nitride windows have lower oxygen contamination than both diamond- and silicon-rich nitride windows, that the levels of oxygen contamination are related to the age of the windows, and provides a protocol for minimizing the background oxygen contamination. Acid-washed 100 nm-thick silicon nitride windows were found to give good quality oxygen K-edge data on dilute liquid samples.
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