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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

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3D-printed surface applicators for brachytherapy: a phantom study.

Grzegorz Biele da1,2, Anna Marach2, Marek Boehlke3

  • 1Electroradiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan´, Poland.

Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy
|November 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

3D printing enables custom brachytherapy applicators for facial cancers, improving treatment precision and reducing risks associated with traditional methods. This technology offers a promising alternative for precise radiation delivery in complex anatomical areas.

Keywords:
3D printingapplicator designsuperficial brachytherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Oncology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Brachytherapy is a viable alternative to surgery for facial cancers, offering superior dose distribution for curved anatomical sites compared to teleradiotherapy.
  • Commercial brachytherapy applicators present challenges due to repetitive application and potential displacement, which is critical given the steep dose gradients involved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel process for creating patient-specific brachytherapy applicators utilizing 3D printing technology.
  • To assess the dosimetric accuracy and clinical feasibility of 3D-printed applicators in brachytherapy for facial lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Custom boluses with integrated catheter channels were designed using 3D modeling software for specific anatomical regions (nose, eye, ear) on an anthropomorphic phantom.
  • Applicators were fabricated using polylactic acid (PLA) filament via 3D printing.
  • Dosimetric measurements were performed using radiochromic films in an anthropomorphic phantom, with dose distributions compared to treatment planning system (TPS) data using 2D gamma analysis.

Main Results:

  • The study achieved a 92% compliance between planned and measured doses, with a 1%/1 mm gamma analysis showing 95% acceptability.
  • Further analysis using 2%/2 mm gamma criteria demonstrated 99% compliance, indicating high dosimetric accuracy.
  • The 3D printing process successfully produced functional applicators with integrated channels for catheter placement.

Conclusions:

  • 3D-printed brachytherapy applicators demonstrate significant potential for clinical application in treating facial cancers.
  • This technology offers a method for creating precise, customized applicators, potentially overcoming limitations of conventional devices and improving treatment outcomes.