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Acquisition of cognitive and communication milestones in infants with Down syndrome

S Onnivello1, E K Schworer2, L A Daunhauer3

  • 1Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Journal of Intellectual Disability Research : JIDR
|November 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study establishes a developmental timeline for cognitive and communication skills in infants with Down syndrome (DS). This information aids in early intervention planning and identifying risks for other conditions in babies with DS.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Understanding developmental milestones is crucial for early intervention and identifying risks in clinical populations.
  • Normative data exists for typically developing children, but is lacking for those with Down syndrome (DS).
  • Early detection of developmental delays in infants with DS can improve outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide foundational data on the timing of cognitive and communication skill acquisition in infants with DS.
  • To facilitate early identification of infants with DS at risk for co-occurring conditions.
  • To contribute to a developmental schedule for infants with DS.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-four infants with DS (4-18 months) were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III.
  • Cognitive and communication scale items were analyzed.
  • Parental reports on developmental and family history were collected.

Main Results:

  • The percentage of infants achieving each skill was calculated within 2-month age bands.
  • Rates of prematurity, heart defects, surgery, and illness were analyzed for infants not showing skill acquisition.
  • This data provides a baseline for skill attainment in infants with DS.

Conclusions:

  • The study offers essential information for creating a developmental schedule for cognitive and language milestones in infants with DS.
  • This foundational data supports targeted interventions and risk assessment for co-occurring conditions.
  • Further research can refine developmental expectations for this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Down syndromecognitioncommunicationearly interventionmilestonesprecursors

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