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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Cytosolic Calcium Measurements in Renal Epithelial Cells by Flow Cytometry
Published on: October 28, 2014
Physiology of Calcium Homeostasis: An Overview
Niina Matikainen1, Tuula Pekkarinen1, Eeva M Ryhänen1
1Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, PB 340, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
Abstract:
Calcium plays a key role in skeletal mineralization and several intracellular and extracellular homeostatic networks. It is an essential element that is only available to the body through dietary sources. Daily acquisition of calcium depends, in addition to the actual intake, on the hormonally regulated state of calcium homeostasis through three main mechanisms: bone turnover, intestinal absorption, and renal reabsorption. These procedures are regulated by a group of interacting circulating hormones and their key receptors. This includes parathyroid hormone (PTH), PTH-related peptide, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcitonin, fibroblast growth factor 23, the prevailing calcium concentration itself, the calcium-sensing receptor, as well as local processes in the bones, gut, and kidneys.
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