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Corneal Endothelial Transplantation in Uveitis: Incidence and Risk Factors
American Journal of Ophthalmology
|November 15, 2021
Summary
Corneal endothelial transplantation (CET) is uncommon in noninfectious ocular inflammation. Risk factors include older age, specific inflammatory types, and prior eye surgeries like tube shunt or cataract procedures.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
- Transplantation Science
Background:
- Noninfectious ocular inflammation can compromise corneal health.
- Endothelial dysfunction is a significant concern in managing these conditions.
- Corneal endothelial transplantation (CET) offers a solution for vision restoration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of corneal endothelial transplantation (CET) in patients with noninfectious ocular inflammation.
- To identify specific risk factors associated with the need for CET in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study design.
- Analysis of adult patients from a tertiary uveitis cohort.
- Time-to-event analysis to estimate CET incidence and Cox regression for risk factor evaluation.
Main Results:
- The 10-year incidence of CET was 1.10%.
- Key risk factors identified include age over 60, anterior uveitis, scleritis, topical corticosteroid use, cataract surgery, tube shunt surgery, band keratopathy, and hypotony.
- No significant association was found with duration of uveitis, trabeculectomy, peripheral anterior synechia, or ocular hypertension.
Conclusions:
- Corneal endothelial transplantation (CET) is infrequently required in noninfectious ocular inflammation.
- Factors such as tube shunt surgery, hypotony, band keratopathy, cataract surgery, and anterior segment inflammation increase the risk of CET, likely due to endothelial cell damage.
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