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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly
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Three-D-printed simulator for kidney transplantation.

Andrea Peri1, Stefania Marconi2, Virginia Gallo1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.

Surgical Endoscopy
|November 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing creates realistic surgical simulators for kidney transplantation training. This technology enhances trainee confidence and technical skills, proving effective for improving surgical proficiency.

Keywords:
3-D printingKidney transplantationSimulationTraining

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Simulation
  • Surgical Training Technology
  • 3D Printing Applications

Background:

  • Three-Dimensional (3D) printing enables the creation of surgical training platforms.
  • Kidney transplantation, involving vascular and ureteric anastomoses, serves as an ideal model for surgical simulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel 3D-printed simulation platform for surgical training in kidney transplantation.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the simulation platform in improving surgical skills and trainee confidence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a combination of 3D printing technologies to replicate the anatomical structures of the lower abdomen, pelvis, and kidney graft.
  • Reproduced key mechanical properties of the anatomical models for enhanced realism.
  • Trained two junior surgeons with no prior experience in kidney transplantation on the simulation platform.

Main Results:

  • Surgical proficiency, indicated by a plateau in procedure time, was achieved after approximately ten simulated transplantations.
  • Significant reductions in total transplantation time were observed (40% and 47%).
  • While technical anastomosis quality did not significantly improve, trainees reported increased self-confidence.

Conclusions:

  • The 3D-printed simulation platform effectively enhances surgical skills and team-training in a realistic operative setting.
  • The platform boosts trainee self-confidence and can be adapted for patient-specific pre-operative training.
  • Cost analysis of the simulation platform is included and discussed.