Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis
Published on: June 20, 2012
How numerical surface forms affect strategy execution in subtraction? Evidence from behavioral and ERP measures
Yaru Gao1, Xiangyan Wang1, Bijuan Huang1
1School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, No.1, University Road, Science Park, Changqing, Jinan, China.
Abstract:
In this study, to investigate the influence of numerical surface forms on strategy execution in subtraction and addition, 25 college students were required to perform a mental arithmetic task. Behavioral and electroencephalography responses were recorded to explore the stages of strategy execution. Arithmetic problems were presented within 11-20 by Arabic, Chinese and English numerals, respectively. The results showed that, compared with Arabic and Chinese numerals, participants had longer RTs under the condition of English numerals. English numerals induced stronger N100, P200 and P300 amplitudes, and longer latency in P200 and P300 amplitudes than in other conditions. These findings indicated that numerical surface forms affected the execution of mental arithmetic strategies, with Chinese and English numerals being processed deeper in the brain. Especially, the English digital word form occupied more psychological resources, and it was activated more in the frontal area and the parietal area, which would obviously hinder the processing of arithmetic information.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Response Surface Methodology
The process of RSM involves several key steps:
Decision Making: Traditional Method
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
Persuasion Strategies
Behavior Modification
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Decision Making: P-value Method
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses: a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
Law of Effect
Edward Thorndike's foundational work involved studying learning in animals, particularly using puzzle...

