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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Pigmentation

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
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Epidermal Nevi: What Is New.

Andrea R Waldman1, Maria C Garzon2, Kimberly D Morel2

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, 5 East 98th Street, New York, NY 10029, USA.

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|November 20, 2021
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This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers epidermal nevi, their related syndromes, and recent advancements in understanding their genetic causes and targeted treatments for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Epidermal nevusEpidermal nevus syndromeNevus sebaceousNevus sebaceous syndromeRASopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Clinical Genetics

Background:

  • Epidermal nevi are benign congenital skin tumors.
  • They can be associated with various syndromes, impacting multiple organ systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical manifestations of epidermal nevi and associated syndromes.
  • To provide an update on the pathogenic genetic alterations.
  • To summarize current targeted therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical findings.
  • Analysis of genetic studies on epidermal nevi.
  • Compilation of data on targeted therapies.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of clinical presentations of epidermal nevi.
  • Identification of key genetic mutations driving nevi development.
  • Overview of emerging targeted treatment options.

Conclusions:

  • Epidermal nevi and their syndromes require comprehensive clinical evaluation.
  • Understanding the genetic basis is crucial for developing effective therapies.
  • Targeted treatments show promise for managing complex cases.