Multi-agent scavenging patterns in Hawai'i: A forensic archaeological and skeletal case study

Area of Science:

• Forensic Anthropology
• Taphonomy
• Wildlife Behavior

Background:

• Local fauna behavior influences forensic site formation processes.
• Limited research exists on feral pig and dog scavenging effects in Hawaii.
• Pigs (Sus scrofa) and dogs (Canis familiaris) are key terrestrial taphonomic agents in Pacific tropical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of feral pig and dog scavenging on human remains recovery.
• To document bone modification and dispersal patterns caused by local fauna.
• To enhance understanding for forensic anthropologists and archaeologists in Hawaii.

Main Methods:

• Archaeological survey and recovery techniques (pedestrian survey, tape-and-compass, GPS mapping).
• Analysis of skeletal material distribution and postmortem bone deformations.
• Correlation of feral animal (pig, dog) activity with skeletal element patterns.

Main Results:

• Feral pig trails corresponded with skeletal material distribution.
• Skeletal element dispersal and recovery patterns were influenced by animal activity.
• Bone deformations were consistent with feral pig and dog scavenging marks.

Conclusions:

• Feral pigs and dogs are significant taphonomic agents affecting human remains in Hawaii.
• Understanding local animal behavior is vital for accurate forensic recovery and interpretation.
• This study aids investigators in determining manner of death and accounting for remains.