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Three-Stage Transitional Theory: Egalitarian Gender Attitudes and Housework Share in 24 Countries.

Man-Yee Kan1, Kamila Kolpashnikova1

  • 1Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

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Summary

The link between gender attitudes and housework strengthened over time in most countries, reflecting the Second Demographic Transition. This association varied across nations, showing diverse patterns in the domestic division of labor.

Keywords:
domestic division of labourdomestic workgendergender attitudeshouseworksecond demographic transition

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Demography
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • The Second Demographic Transition signifies shifts in family structures and gender roles.
  • Understanding the interplay between societal norms and domestic labor division is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how gender attitudes correlate with housework share across diverse countries and over time.
  • To examine the manifestation of the Second Demographic Transition in domestic labor dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) for 2002 and 2012.
  • Analyzed data from 24 countries to assess changes in the association between gender attitudes and housework participation.

Main Results:

  • The association between gender attitudes and housework share intensified over time in a majority of the surveyed countries.
  • Significant cross-national variation was observed in the strength and stage of this association.
  • Many countries showed an emerging equilibrium in the domestic division of labor, albeit at different developmental stages.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the hypothesis that the Second Demographic Transition is influencing domestic labor division globally.
  • National contexts significantly shape the pace and form of changes in the domestic division of labor.
  • Equilibria in the division of household labor are diverse across the International Social Survey Programme countries.