Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 12, 2025
17:16
Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
Published on: December 9, 2010
10.5K
Drug Delivery and Safety Considerations
James G Johnson1, Sathya K Chinnadurai2
1Department of Animal Health, Saint Louis Zoo, One Government Drive, St Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Exotic Animal Practice
|November 26, 2021
Summary
Safe anesthetic drug administration is crucial for zoologic companion animals. Proper dosing and delivery methods are vital to prevent life-threatening central nervous and cardiovascular system depression in these unique patients.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Anesthesiology
- Zoologic Medicine
Background:
- Anesthetic drugs require precise administration for efficacy and safety.
- Improper dosing can lead to severe central nervous and cardiovascular system depression.
- Zoologic companion animals present unique anesthetic challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of appropriate anesthetic drug delivery in zoologic companion animals.
- To underscore the risks associated with anesthetic procedures in this population.
- To emphasize the need for careful procedural planning by anesthetists.
Main Methods:
- Review of anesthetic drug administration principles.
- Discussion of various routes and delivery methods for zoologic patients.
- Emphasis on risk assessment and procedural planning.
Main Results:
- Appropriate anesthetic delivery is essential for achieving desired effects.
- Anesthetic drugs carry inherent risks due to their systemic effects.
- Understanding patient-specific risks is key to safe anesthesia.
Conclusions:
- Careful planning and appropriate administration are paramount for safe and effective anesthesia in zoologic companion animals.
- Anesthetists must comprehend the risks to optimize patient safety.
- Tailored anesthetic protocols are critical for zoologic practice.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Drug Delivery: Overview
463
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
463
01:22Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
523
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
523
01:18Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
850
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
850
01:29Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
969
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
969
01:22Biopharmaceutical Factors Influencing Drug Product Design: Overview
23
Rational drug product design integrates knowledge of the drug’s physicochemical properties, formulation components, manufacturing techniques, and intended route of administration. Each factor influences the drug’s performance, including how it is released, absorbed, and eliminated in the body.The physicochemical properties of a drug—such as solubility, stability, and particle size—affect its compatibility with excipients and the choice of dosage form. Excipients, though...
23
01:21Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview
2.5K
When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
2.5K