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Allergic Reactions

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Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Anaphylaxis to Stinging Insect Venom.

Karla E Adams¹, James M Tracy², David B K Golden³

¹Allergy & Immunology Division, Department of Medicine, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, 1100 Wilford Hall Loop, Building 4554, Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX 78236, USA.

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America

|November 26, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hymenoptera insect stings can cause life-threatening anaphylaxis, but prompt evaluation and venom immunotherapy are highly effective. This treatment prevents future sting anaphylaxis in most patients, ensuring safety and proper management.

Keywords:

Allergy Anaphylaxis Hymenoptera Immunotherapy Insect Stinging Venom

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

Harvesting Venom Toxins from Assassin Bugs and Other Heteropteran Insects

Harvesting Venom Toxins from Assassin Bugs and Other Heteropteran Insects

Published on: April 21, 2018

Area of Science:

Allergy and Immunology
Toxicology
Public Health

Background:

Hymenoptera stinging insects frequently cause allergic reactions.
Anaphylaxis from insect stings poses a life-threatening risk with a high chance of recurrence.
Insect sting allergy necessitates specialized care from an allergist/immunologist.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the critical role of allergist referral for insect sting allergy.
To emphasize the diagnostic evaluation and management pathways for insect sting allergy.
To underscore the efficacy and safety of venom immunotherapy in preventing anaphylaxis.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on Hymenoptera sting allergies.
Analysis of diagnostic evaluation protocols for insect sting reactions.
Assessment of venom immunotherapy efficacy and safety data.

Main Results:

Venom immunotherapy demonstrates high effectiveness, preventing anaphylaxis in up to 98% of patients.
Early referral and diagnosis are crucial for effective management of insect sting allergy.
Risk factor assessment is vital for mitigating side effects during immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

Insect sting allergy requires specialized medical attention for diagnosis and treatment.
Venom immunotherapy is a safe and highly effective treatment for preventing recurrent anaphylaxis.
Personalized risk assessment is essential for optimizing immunotherapy outcomes and patient safety.