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Barriers to Self-care Among Patients with Heart Failure: A Qualitative Study

Reza Negarandeh1, Ali Aghajanloo2, Khatereh Seylani2

  • 1Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

Journal of Caring Sciences
|December 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Patients with heart failure face personal, disease, and support barriers to self-care. Understanding these challenges is key for healthcare providers to develop effective interventions and improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a leading cardiovascular disease and a chronic condition requiring extensive self-care.
  • Effective self-care is crucial for managing heart failure and improving patient quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the barriers encountered by patients with heart failure in practicing self-care.
  • To identify key factors hindering self-management in heart failure patients.

Main Methods:

  • A qualitative content analysis approach was employed.
  • In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 heart failure patients and 3 healthcare providers in Zanjan, Iran.
  • Data analysis followed the conventional qualitative content analysis method by Elo and Kyngäs.

Main Results:

  • Self-care barriers were categorized into personal factors, disease burden, and inefficient support systems.
  • Specific barriers included lack of knowledge, negative emotions, habit change difficulty, physical decline, comorbidities, financial strain, and inadequate social or healthcare support.
  • Healthcare providers' inattention and limited access to care were also identified as significant obstacles.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with heart failure experience multifaceted barriers to self-care, encompassing personal, disease-related, and support-related issues.
  • Identifying these barriers enables healthcare providers to design targeted interventions to promote better self-care and management of heart failure.

Keywords:
BarriersHeart failureQualitative researchSelf-care

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