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Lithium Transport Pathways Guided by Grain Architectures in Ni-Rich Layered Cathodes.
Yuki Nomura1, Kazuo Yamamoto2, Yuji Yamagishi1
1Technology Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-naka-machi, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8501, Japan.
ACS Nano
|December 2, 2021
Summary
Understanding grain architecture in nickel-rich layered cathodes is key for better lithium-ion batteries. This study reveals how lithium ions move and how grain boundaries affect performance, guiding future battery material design.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Battery Technology
Background:
- Nickel-rich layered cathodes offer high capacity and low cost for lithium-ion batteries.
- These materials face challenges like crack formation due to volume changes, hindering performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively understand grain architecture, lithium transport pathways, and phase transitions in Ni-rich cathodes.
- To correlate these factors for improved battery performance and stability.
Main Methods:
- Utilized *in situ* transmission electron microscopy to observe reactions within the materials.
- Analyzed lithium ion extraction pathways and grain boundary effects.
Main Results:
- Identified tortuous lithium ion extraction paths through Li-containing a-b planes.
- Demonstrated that grain boundary resistance is complex and not solely dependent on misorientation angles.
- Observed two-phase separation between hexagonal phases in single crystals during fast charging.
Conclusions:
- Lithium ion transport is influenced by intricate pathways within the crystal structure.
- Grain boundary characteristics, beyond simple misorientation, play a critical role in performance.
- Insights into phase transitions and transport mechanisms are crucial for designing stable, high-capacity Ni-rich cathodes.
