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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Magnetism

Background:

  • The quantum Ising model describes magnetic phase transitions.
  • Understanding low-energy excitations is key to characterizing quantum critical points.
  • Disorder effects can significantly alter magnetic behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly measure low-energy excitation modes in the quantum Ising magnet LiHoF4.
  • To investigate the nature of these modes and their behavior near a quantum critical point.
  • To explore the influence of disorder and magnetic fields on these excitations.

Main Methods:

  • Microwave spectroscopy was employed to probe the low-energy excitations.
  • The study focused on the material Lithium Holmium Fluoride (LiHoF4).

Main Results:

  • Instead of simple electronic modes, a set of collective electronuclear modes were observed.
  • These modes involve the hybridization of electronic spins (spin-1/2) with Holmium nuclear spins (spin-7/2).
  • The lowest-lying electronuclear mode exhibits softening as the quantum critical point is approached, persisting even with disorder.
  • This softening is suppressed by the application of a longitudinal magnetic field.

Conclusions:

  • Collective electronuclear modes are a significant feature in the quantum Ising magnet LiHoF4.
  • These modes provide insights into the behavior of quantum systems near critical points, even under disorder.
  • The findings suggest that similar electronuclear structures may be prevalent in other spin-based quantum Ising systems.